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Welche Werkzeuge und welches Zubehör werden für die Installation von Klimaanlagen in Haushalten benötigt?

The installation of household air conditioners requires a variety of tools and accessories. The following is a detailed classification and description:

I. Main Tools

Measurement and marking tools

Measuring tape: Measure the dimensions of the installation position (such as wall height, bracket spacing, etc.).

Level: Ensure that the indoor and outdoor units are installed horizontally to avoid tilting, which may cause poor drainage or noise.

Marker pen/chalk: Mark the positions of holes, the installation points of brackets, etc.

2. Drilling and cutting tools

Impact drill/electric hammer: It is used for drilling holes in walls (such as through-wall holes, bracket fixation holes), and requires the use of drill bits of different diameters (usually through-wall drill bits with a diameter of φ60mm or more are needed).

Water drill (wet drilling machine) : Used when drilling holes through walls, it can reduce dust (suitable for brick walls and concrete walls).

Cutting machine: Cuts metal parts such as installation brackets and guardrails (such as grinding wheel cutting machine).

3. Installation and fixation of tools

Wrench:

Adjustable wrench: Tighten or loosen pipe nuts and bracket screws.

Allen wrench: Used for adjusting air conditioning valves, fixing indoor unit hanging plates, etc.

Screwdriver: Cross/flat-head screwdriver, used for installing indoor unit panels, fixing wires, etc.

Hammer: Strike the bracket to make it adhere to the wall or assist in fixing components.

Pliers: Wire cutters, pointed-nose pliers, used for cutting wire, stripping wire or adjusting the shape of pipes.

4. Pipeline handling tools

Expander: The end of the copper pipe is expanded into a bell mouth to facilitate connection with the valve and ensure sealing.

Expansion tube: It is used to expand copper tubes into cup-shaped openings and is suitable for pipe connections.

Pipe cutter: Cuts copper pipes (ensure the cut is smooth and free of burrs).

Elbow: Used when bending copper pipes to prevent the pipes from being flattened and affecting the flow of the refrigerant.

Welding tools: oxygen cylinders, acetylene cylinders (for copper tube welding. In some installation scenarios, professional and certified personnel are required to operate).

5. Detection and debugging tools

Pressure gauge (manifold) : Detects the pressure in the air conditioning pipeline, monitors the vacuum degree during vacuuming, and controls the dosage of refrigerant during charging.

Vacuum pump: After installation, evacuate the pipeline to remove air and moisture to avoid affecting the refrigeration effect.

Multimeter: It is used to detect the on-off status of circuits, voltage, etc., and to troubleshoot electrical faults.

Clamp ammeter: Measures the operating current of the air conditioner to determine the working status of the compressor.

6. Auxiliary safety tools

Safety belt/safety rope: Essential during the installation of the outdoor unit to prevent falls from heights.

Gloves: Anti-slip gloves (to protect hands during installation), heat-resistant gloves (for use when welding or in contact with high-temperature components).

Protective goggles: Protect the eyes during welding or drilling to prevent injury from splashing objects.

Ladder/Scaffolding: Provide support during high-altitude operations (ensure the ladder is stable or use professional scaffolding).

1. Main Accessories

Refrigeration pipeline fittings

Copper pipes: The cooling pipes connecting the indoor unit and the outdoor unit. Common specifications include φ6mm, φ9.52mm, φ12mm, etc. (The pipe diameter should be selected based on the horsepower of the air conditioner.)

Insulation cotton: It wraps around the copper pipe to prevent the formation of condensation water and heat loss. It is usually made of black rubber and plastic insulation material.

Diverter pipe: Used during the installation of multi-split systems (central air conditioning) to divert the refrigerant.

Valve:

Two-way valve/three-way valve: The refrigerant control valve on the outdoor unit. After connecting the copper pipe, it needs to be tightened with a wrench.

Check valves and stop valves: Some models are used to control the flow direction of the refrigerant.

2. Fixing and supporting accessories

Installation bracket: Outdoor unit bracket (usually made of metal and requiring anti-rust treatment), used to fix the outdoor unit to the wall or windowsill.

Expansion screws: They are used to fix indoor unit hanging boards, outdoor unit brackets, etc. Common specifications include φ8mm and φ10mm.

Shock-absorbing pad: Placed at the bottom of the outdoor unit to reduce vibration and noise during operation.

Wall-penetrating protective sleeve: It is placed outside the copper pipe through the wall-penetrating hole to prevent pipe wear and tear, and at the same time, it is aesthetically pleasing and dust-proof.

3. Electrical accessories

Connection wiring harness: Power lines and signal lines between the indoor and outdoor units (need to be matched according to the model, ensuring the wire diameter and insulation).

Air switch/leakage protection device: Installed at the indoor power supply to ensure electrical safety.

Insulating tape/waterproof tape: Wrap the wire joints to prevent electric leakage or water ingress.

Terminal block: Connect the wires to the air conditioner circuit board to ensure a firm electrical connection.

4. Drainage fittings

Drainage pipe: Usually made of PVC or rubber, it connects to the condensate outlet of the indoor unit and guides the water flow to the outside.

Drainage elbow/tee: Change the drainage direction or connect multiple indoor unit drainage outlets.

Drainage pump: Some models (such as ceiling-mounted air conditioners) need to be equipped with a drainage pump to increase the height of condensate water discharge.

Ventilation hole cap: Installed at the end of the drain pipe to prevent insects or debris from entering.

5. Other auxiliary accessories

Dust cover: Protect the interfaces of the indoor and outdoor units before installation to prevent dust from entering.

Sealant: Fills the gaps of through-wall holes to prevent rainwater and mosquitoes from entering (such as polyurethane foam sealant).

Pressure gauge valve cover: Protects the pressure gauge interface of the outdoor unit from being knocked or blocked by debris.

III. Precautions

1. Tool safety: When using electric drills, welding equipment, etc., strictly follow the operating procedures. Safety belts must be worn when working at heights.

2. Accessory matching: The specifications of the copper tubes and the models of the wires must be consistent with the air conditioner models to avoid malfunctions caused by incompatible accessories.

3. Professional operation: This involves steps such as refrigerant charging and pipe welding, which must be carried out by certified air conditioning installation and maintenance personnel to prevent leakage or safety accidents.

4. Installation standards: Ensure that the drainage slope is correct (the indoor unit is slightly higher than the outdoor unit), the pipes are firmly connected without fluorine leakage, and the electrical circuits are well grounded.

If you install it by yourself, it is recommended that you familiarize yourself with the manual in advance or consult a professional. If it is an on-site installation service, the technician will bring a full set of tools and accessories. The user only needs to confirm the quality of the accessories and the installation standards.